Introduction to Git
Git is a free and open source,
distributed version control system designed to handle everything
from small to very large projects with speed and efficiency. Every
Git clone is a full-fledged
repository with complete history and full revision tracking
capabilities, not dependent on network access or a central server.
Branching and merging are fast and easy to do. Git is used for version control of files, much
like tools such as mercurial-7.1.1, Bazaar, Subversion-1.14.5, CVS, Perforce, and Team
Foundation Server.
![[Note]](../images/note.png)
Note
Development versions of BLFS may not build or run some packages
properly if LFS or dependencies have been updated since the most
recent stable versions of the books.
Package Information
-
Download (HTTP):
https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/git-2.51.2.tar.xz
-
Download MD5 sum: 6d73314753ba69d826c4b33e9ee3a8fc
-
Download size: 7.6 MB
-
Estimated disk space required: 367MB (with downloaded
documentation; add 22 MB for building docs; add 24 MB for
tests)
-
Estimated build time: 0.3 SBU (with parallelism=4; add 1.0
SBU for building docs, and up to 6.4 SBU (disk speed
dependent) for tests)
Additional Downloads
Git Dependencies
Recommended
cURL-8.16.0 (needed to use Git over http, https, ftp or ftps)
Optional
Apache-2.4.65 (for some tests), Fcron-3.4.0 (runtime, for
scheduling git
maintenance jobs), GnuPG-2.4.8
(runtime, may be used to sign Git
commits or tags, or verify the signatures of them), OpenSSH-10.2p1 (runtime, needed to use
Git over ssh), Subversion-1.14.5 with Perl bindings
(runtime, for git
svn), Tk-8.6.17 (gitk, a simple Git repository viewer, uses Tk at runtime), Valgrind-3.26.0,
Authen::SASL (runtime,
for git send-email),
and IO-Socket-SSL-2.095 (runtime, for
git send-email to
connect to a SMTP server with SSL encryption)
Optional (to create the man pages, html docs and other docs)
xmlto-0.0.29 and asciidoc-10.2.1, and also dblatex (for the PDF
version of the user manual), and docbook2x to create info
pages
Installation of Git
Install Git by running the
following commands:
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--with-gitconfig=/etc/gitconfig \
--with-python=python3 \
--with-libpcre2 &&
make
You can build the man pages and/or html docs, or use downloaded
ones. If you choose to build them, use the next two instructions.
If you have installed asciidoc-10.2.1 you can create the html
version of the man pages and other docs:
make html
If you have installed asciidoc-10.2.1 and xmlto-0.0.29 you can
create the man pages:
make man
The test suite can be run in parallel mode. To run the test suite,
issue: GIT_UNZIP=nonexist make test
-k. The GIT_UNZIP
setting prevents the test suite from using unzip, we need it because in BLFS
unzip is a symlink to
bsdunzip which does
not satisfy the assumption of some tests cases. If any test case
fails, the list of failed tests can be shown via make -C t aggregate-results.
Now, as the root user:
make perllibdir=/usr/lib/perl5/5.42/site_perl install
If you created the man pages and/or html docs
Install the man pages as the root
user:
make install-man
Install the html docs as the root
user:
make htmldir=/usr/share/doc/git-2.51.2 install-html
If you downloaded the man pages and/or html docs
If you downloaded the man pages untar them as the root user:
tar -xf ../git-manpages-2.51.2.tar.xz \
-C /usr/share/man --no-same-owner --no-overwrite-dir
If you downloaded the html docs untar them as the root user:
mkdir -vp /usr/share/doc/git-2.51.2 &&
tar -xf ../git-htmldocs-2.51.2.tar.xz \
-C /usr/share/doc/git-2.51.2 --no-same-owner --no-overwrite-dir &&
find /usr/share/doc/git-2.51.2 -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \; &&
find /usr/share/doc/git-2.51.2 -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \;
Reorganize text and html in the html-docs (both methods)
For both methods, the html-docs include a lot of plain text files.
Reorganize the files as the root
user:
mkdir -vp /usr/share/doc/git-2.51.2/man-pages/{html,text} &&
mv /usr/share/doc/git-2.51.2/{git*.adoc,man-pages/text} &&
mv /usr/share/doc/git-2.51.2/{git*.,index.,man-pages/}html &&
mkdir -vp /usr/share/doc/git-2.51.2/technical/{html,text} &&
mv /usr/share/doc/git-2.51.2/technical/{*.adoc,text} &&
mv /usr/share/doc/git-2.51.2/technical/{*.,}html &&
mkdir -vp /usr/share/doc/git-2.51.2/howto/{html,text} &&
mv /usr/share/doc/git-2.51.2/howto/{*.adoc,text} &&
mv /usr/share/doc/git-2.51.2/howto/{*.,}html &&
sed -i '/^<a href=/s|howto/|&html/|' /usr/share/doc/git-2.51.2/howto-index.html &&
sed -i '/^\* link:/s|howto/|&html/|' /usr/share/doc/git-2.51.2/howto-index.adoc
Command Explanations
--with-gitconfig=/etc/gitconfig: This
sets /etc/gitconfig as the file that
stores the default, system wide, Git settings.
--with-python=python3: Use
this switch to use Python 3,
instead of the EOL'ed Python 2.
Python is used for the git
p4 interface to Perforce repositories, and also
used in some tests.
--with-libpcre2: This
ensures building git
grep with the PCRE2 library installed in LFS, so
git grep will support
the --perl-regexp option.
tar -xf ../git-manpages-2.51.2.tar.gz
-C /usr/share/man --no-same-owner: This untars
git-manpages-2.51.2.tar.gz. The
-C option makes tar change directory to
/usr/share/man before it starts to
decompress the docs. The --no-same-owner option stops tar from preserving
the user and group details of the files. This is useful as that
user or group may not exist on your system; this could
(potentially) be a security risk.
mv /usr/share/doc/git-2.51.2
...: These commands move some of the files into
subfolders to make it easier to sort through the docs and find what
you're looking for.
find ... chmod ...:
These commands correct the permissions in the shipped documentation
tar file.